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罗德与施瓦茨已制定一系列的应用指南、应用说明以及应用视频，旨在分享我们在测试与测量仪器方面的知识、原理及方法，并帮助您充分发挥罗德与施瓦茨公司测试与测量仪器的效能。
1136 结果
How to verify 5G private networks for military communication
Best practices for mobile network testing for mission-critical applications
Key Points: Mission-Critical Infrastructure: Military operations require extremely high reliability and availability, as any downtime can result in compromised missions and significant strategic losses. The reliability of communication networks is crucial to ensure seamless execution of military operations. Fundamental requirements: Military applications often require low latency and sustainable latency to ensure real-time communication and control, particularly in situations where split-second decisions can mean the difference between success and failure. This is critical for applications such as command and control systems, surveillance, and reconnaissance. Measurement Techniques: As soon as the radio access network is used, innovative testing methods are needed beforehand to proactively test the network capability and to identify any potential issues. We propose a standard test procedure for the characterization of a network regarding military use-cases that covers a representative set of different, common types of network traffic.
Jul 02, 2025 | AN-No. 8NT21
Simplifying 5G NR 3GPP Preconformance Testing
SA Mode According to 3GPP 38.521-1
Device certification for compliance with 3GPP specifications is a crucial step in the launch of 5G NR user equipment (UE). As the demand for high-performance connectivity continues to rise, ensuring that devices meet industry standards is essential for delivering reliable and efficient service. To ensure optimal modem performance, RF pre-conformance testing, also known as design verification, needs to be initiated early in the product development process. This approach enables teams to swiftly identify and address potential issues, minimizing delays and enhancing the overall quality of the final product.The R&S®CMX500 3GPP RF pre-conformance WebGUI solution offers a fast and intuitive platform for executing NR-FR1 Standalone (SA) test cases based on the 3GPP 38.521-1 specification. Its manual verification capabilities make it particularly well-suited for early-stage validation, debugging, and step-by-step verification of test cases, leveraging the comprehensive toolset provided by the R&S®CMX500 WebGUI. Test case procedures are optimized for R&D use cases, while using the most relevant configurations from the specification.This application note serves as a comprehensive guide for R&D professionals, detailing the setup, configuration, execution, and verification of selected 3GPP pre-conformance test cases with just a few clicks in the GUI. Please note that the test steps outlined in this document require the CMX-KC661B license (SA FR1 3GPP RF Test Scenarios), in addition to the NR signaling license CMX-KS600B and the NR FR1 measurement license CMX-KM600. All descriptions, configurations and limits are based on 3GPP TS38.521-1 V18.4.0 (2024-11).
Jun 25, 2025 | AN-No. 1C111
Receiver and LNB characterization
The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer enables reliable (high-gain) receiver and low-noise block converter (LNB) characterization with a R&S®ZNA two-port unit and a simple setup.
Jun 12, 2025
汽车应用的聚合物材料特性分析
汽车雷达传感器隐藏在保险杠中，必须能够在正确的频率范围内发射信号。为了有效隐藏传感器，雷达透明区域和车辆其他部位的喷漆通常一样。为保险杠选择喷漆和涂料时，需要了解这些材料的特性。以前这需要结合使用准光学或波导装置与矢量网络分析仪 (VNA)。本应用说明介绍了一种简单方法，能够使用 R&S®QAR50 汽车天线罩测试仪在 76 GHz 至 81 GHz 的雷达频率范围内分析材料特性。
6月 11, 2025
Method of Implementation (MOI) for DisplayPort 80 Compliance Tests
The purpose of this document is to provide a step-by-step guidance on how to perform VESA compliance testing on DisplayPort 80 cable assembly.Throughout this Method of Implementation (MOI), procedures will detail how to perform such VESA compliance testing using the R&S® ZNB lineup of Network Analyzers.
May 19, 2025 | AN-No. 1SL414
Method of Implementation (MOI) for DisplayPort 54 Compliance Tests
The purpose of this document is to provide a step-by-step guidance on how to perform VESA compliance testing on DisplayPort 54 cable assembly.Throughout this Method of Implementation (MOI), procedures will detail how to perform such VESA compliance testing using the R&S® ZNB lineup of Network Analyzers.
May 19, 2025 | AN-No. 1SL413
Method of Implementation (MOI) for DisplayPort 8k Compliance Tests
The purpose of this document is to provide a step-by-step guidance on how to perform VESA compliance testing on DisplayPort 8k cable assembly.Throughout this Method of Implementation (MOI), procedures will detail how to perform such VESA compliance testing using the R&S® ZNB lineup of Network Analyzers.
May 19, 2025 | AN-No. 1SL412
R&S®GB4000C/ R&S®GB4000V pairing for VoIP operation
New function for R&S®M3SR Series4400 radios
May 16, 2025
Dynamic noise figure measurements
The R&S®FSWP phase noise analyzer and VCO tester is a high-end instrument that accurately analyzes noise in key radar and communications system components. Phase noise measurements are used to derive the large-signal noise figure for a device under real-world operating conditions.
May 16, 2025
适用于罗德与施瓦茨矢量网络分析仪的 SCPI 记录仪
适用于罗德与施瓦茨矢量网络分析仪 (VNA) 的强大工具，可以简化自动化设置，便于在研发、验证和生产实验室中执行复杂的测量任务
3月 24, 2025
MEASUREMENTS IN REVERBERATION CHAMBER USING R&S® ELEKTRA
Reverberation Chambers (RVC) have become popular as an alternative to Anechoic Chamber (AC) facilities for electromagnetic emission & immunity tests. Unlike AC, RVC reflects waves creating multipath environment. EMC testing using reverberation chamber is accepted in various EMC test standards across different industries. The RVC is cost effective allowing high field strength generation without excessive amplification needs, eliminates the need for complex positioning of antennas and DUTs increasing test speed and simulates real-world electromagnetic environments more accurately. To ensure accurate and efficient testing, specialized EMC test software is required for data acquisition, automation, and analysis. This application note describes how to setup Elektra and perform measurements in RVC.
Mar 20, 2025 | AN-No. 1EE28
提高汽车雷达产线的质量和效率
在快节奏的汽车制造业，保证雷达传感器的可靠性和精度至关重要。罗德与施瓦茨为汽车雷达传感器提供先进的生产测试解决方案，助力一级供应商实现卓越的性能、安全性和效率。
3月 13, 2025
Level Range Extension of the R&S®SMW200A Using an External Amplifier
Testing RF devices, like power amplifiers, requires a certain input power at the device under test (DUT). Sometimes, more power than a signal generator can deliver is needed. This may be the case when devices require higher input power, or when they need to be connected using long cables, which introduce large insertion losses at high frequencies. In these cases, an external amplifier can be used to deliver the required power to a DUT.This application note gives a guideline how to increase the power delivered to a DUT by an R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator using an external amplifier.It covers shifting the power reference plane from the generator output to the DUT input using an R&S®NRP power sensor and mitigating linear and nonlinear distortions using an R&S®FSW signal and spectrum analyzer.
Mar 12, 2025 | AN-No. 1GP143
Automotive EMC testing under dynamic driving conditions
The shift from internal combustion engine (ICE) automobiles to electric vehicles (EV) has come with an array of new subsystems and components that introduce new EMC considerations. The level of complexity involved in automotive EMC testing increases with dynamic driving conditions where manufacturers not only have to refer to the framework standards offered, but must also improvise and establish new internal standards to ensure the vehicle and its internal components all function properly under all driving conditions. A number of challenges may arise when building a suitable test bench that thoroughly tests EVs and electrical components. This educational note dives into the development of dynamic EMC test systems, their inherent challenges, and how Rohde & Schwarz and AVL, one of the world’s leading mobility technology companies for development, simulation and testing in the automotive industry, have teamed up to provide a unified EMC test platform for dynamic driving conditions.
Mar 11, 2025
汽车电子模块的自动化 GNSS 性能测试
根据中国国家 GNSS 测试标准 (GB/T 45086.1-2024) 使用 R&S®CMWrun 序列控制软件和 R&S®SMBV100B 矢量信号发生器实现自动化测试
2月 20, 2025
使用 R&S Space Nexus 创建卫星衰落场景
近几年来逐渐兴起将低地球轨道 (LEO) 和中地球轨道 (MEO) 卫星星座用于宽带数据连接，导致对卫星与用户设备 (UE) 或卫星与地面站 (GS) 之间的信道进行动态模拟的需求迅速增加。卫星信道会受到各种大气效应以及卫星与 UE 之间的相对运动的影响，从而导致频率和电平会根据卫星在天空中的位置而相应变化。因此，相关接收机和其他硬件组件的制造商必须在设计和生产阶段考虑这些影响，以确保提供最佳性能和可靠性。本应用指南将重点概述 R&S Space Nexus 的功能，并解释如何使用该软件根据描述卫星轨迹的给定两行根数 (TLE) 文件来创建真实的衰落文件。之后，本指南将介绍如何根据该文件使用配备 R&S®SMW-K820 自定义动态衰落选件的 R&S®SMW200A 来模拟真实的卫星衰落场景。
2月 03, 2025 | AN-No. 1GP147
优化高速接口的差分测量
高速串行接口一般通过差分信令传输数据。信号探测需要用到差分探头。除了差分输入端外，这些探头（尤其是带宽更高的型号）通常还提供额外的接地端。R&S®RT‑ZM 模块化多模探头的接地端可用于改善高速差分接口的测量。
1月 29, 2025
使用法布里-珀罗开放式谐振器进行 D 频段 Dk/Df 测量
QWED 提供的法布里-珀罗开放式谐振器 (FPOR) 只需使用一个夹具，即可在 110 GHz 至 170 GHz 的频率范围内准确表征介电薄片。
1月 14, 2025
分析采用多相降压转换器的高速 SoC 的电源设计
随着功能变多、处理能力增强、数据速率不断提高，高速片上系统 (SoC) 的电源设计充满了挑战。为现代 CPU、GPU、FPGA、ASIC 等各种功能块供电的电源轨数量不断增加，需要在通电和断电期间准确控制电源时序。电源电压也有所降低，以减少 SoC 的内部功耗。电源完整性要求变得更加严格，需要为电源轨提供更大的电源电流。多相降压转换器在大电流电源轨中的应用越来越常见。这种转换器具有诸多优势，但在电源设计和验证测试方面也给设计人员带来了挑战。
1月 13, 2025
Measurements on special components (filter modules, combiners, etc.)
Crucial for proper operation of mobile networks. Part 4 of the series on Cable and Antenna verification
Critical Infrastructure: Mobile base stations rely on a complex interplay of components, including often-overlooked elements like filter combiners, RF splitters and tappers, and cables, to deliver uninterrupted mobile communications.Vulnerability to Environmental Factors: Filter combiners, accessories, and cabling in mobile base stations are susceptible to harsh environmental stressors, which can lead to signal degradation and reduced system availability.Fundamental Properties: The functional integrity of mobile base station components is measured against key RF parameters, including frequency response and insertion loss, to ensure conformance to manufacturer and industry standards (e.g., 3GPP, ETSI).Measurement Techniques: Systematic and comprehensive testing is essential to validate the functional integrity of critical mobile base station components, detect latent defects, and optimize overall system performance.
Jan 09, 2025 | AN-No. 8NT20
LoRa 设备验证
LoRa 是常见的专为物联网 (IoT) 连接而设计的低功耗无线传感器网络技术之一，与 Zigbee 等技术相比能够用于远程通信。LoRa 是“long range”（远程）的缩写，使用免授权的 ISM 频段。LoRa 是一种物理层的专用无线通信技术，所采用的扩频调制技术源于线性调频扩频 (CSS) 技术。
12月 12, 2024
Measurements on leaky feeders
Crucial for proper operation of mobile networks - Part 3 of the series on Cable and Antenna verification
Key points: Critical Infrastructure: Leaky feeder systems are a crucial, yet costly to modify, element of in-building and tunnel infrastructure for mobile communication coverage.Vulnerability to Environmental Factors: The leaky feeder system's exposure to high humidity, extreme temperatures, and physical stress makes it prone to water ingress, corrosion, mechanical damage, and material degradation.Fundamental Properties: Changes in a leaky feeder system's characteristic impedance cause reflections of forward RF energy, resulting in discontinuities, which can occur at connectors, kinks, or compressions in the cable.Measurement Techniques: Due to practical limitations, leaky feeder system testing typically involves measuring insertion and return loss, supplemented by evaluating key performance indicators (KPIs) and user equipment reports to assess actual coverage and identify potential defects.
Dec 05, 2024 | AN-No. 8NT19