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Accelerate automotive radar testing under real-world EMC conditions with less complexity and greater reliability.

English - 2026年2月4日

The R&S®AREG800A has a scenario player built in for replaying predefined, dynamic scenarios. Scenarios come in the form of binary files containing a sequence of timestamped ASAM Open Simulation Interface (OSI) messages describing the radar objects that should be simulated. The R&S®AREG800A can replay these scenario files and provides convenient playback and remote-control functions, as well as automatic mapping of simulated objects to the connected RF frontends.This application note presents background information and details about how to create said scenarios using Python and how to replay them on a R&S®AREG800A. Examples for scripting dynamic scenario in Python are provided as well.

English - 2025年11月14日

The R&S®AREG800A is a powerful automotive radar echo generator. It is capable of over the air stimulation of automotive radar sensors with multiple static or dynamic radar objects. It can either be paired with R&S®AREG8 mmWave frontends for RF performance testing, or with the R&S®QAT100 antenna array for simulating ADAS scenarios. This application note shows how to configure the R&S®AREG800A with either R&S®AREG8-24/81 remote millimeter wave frontends or the R&S®QAT100 advanced antenna array. It covers the instrument setup, connections, and configuration necessary to perform static object simulation using a basic setup.

English - 2025年9月19日

Flexible, scalable and cost-effectiveThe R&S®RadEsT automotive target generator and car learning to act (CARLA) open-source driving simulator enable realistic radar and camera simulation in an open-source setup – free from the constraints of proprietary solutions.

English - 2025年9月8日

As vehicles integrate more ADAS & Automated Driving (AD) functions, precise radar validation is essential for safety features like AEBSS and SAE Level 2 & 3 automation. Simulation-based testing offers flexibility but lacks real-world accuracy, while road testing is costly and inconsistent. Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) solutions bridge this gap, enabling real-time radar sensor evaluation with high repeatability.Rohde & Schwarz supports this with the R&S®AREG800A radar echo generator and R&S®QAT100 antenna array, simulating dynamic targets in angle, range, velocity, and size, and integrating via Open Simulation Interface (OSI). With cutting-edge radar test solutions, R&S ensures safer, more reliable ADAS/AD systems.This educational note explores the current state of closed-loop testing for radar-based hardware, focusing on how Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) systems enable realistic validation of automotive radar sensors. It highlights key driving scenarios that HIL must address and demonstrates how the R&S®AREG800A radar echo generator and R&S®QAT100 antenna array support closed-loop validation.

English - 2025年9月3日

Educational note: Accelerate automotive ADAS validation with hardware in the loop

English - 2025年9月3日

Electric (EV) and hybrid electric (HEV) vehicles have both high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) electric systems. The LV systems are typically unshielded (infotainment, lighting, sensors etc.) and HV systems (battery packs, inverters, electric motors etc.) are shielded. The HV systems ranges from 400 V to 1500 V and the LV system ranges from 12 V to 48 V. The switching operations in HV systems can generate significant electromagnetic noise that may couple into the LV system and degrade performance or cause malfunctions.The HV/LV coupling tests, as defined in CISPR 25, specify the test setup in which HV systems are modified to inject electromagnetic disturbances at predefined levels, depending on the classification of the equipment under test (EUT). These tests also outline methods for measuring the coupling attenuation between HV and LV systems. Additionally, they define procedures for measuring conducted emissions (current and voltage) on LV systems during HV system operation. Furthermore, the standard includes methods to measure radiated noise (electric field) emissions generated when operating HV Systems. The HV/LV coupling tests are emission tests in line with CISPR 25 but some require an immunity test setup to inject disturbance into the system. This application note describes how to set up R&S®ELEKTRA and perform HV/LV coupling attenuation measurements.

English - 2025年7月31日

Automotive radar sensors concealed in bumpers must transmit in the correct frequency domain. To hide the sensors, radar-transparent areas are usually painted the same as the rest of the vehicle. You need to know bumper material propertiers when selecting paint and coatings. In the past, quasi-optical or waveguide based setups with vector network analyzers (VNA) were used. This application card describes a simplified material characterization method in the automotive radar frequency domain (76 GHz to 81 GHz) using the R&S®QAR50 automotive radome tester.

English - 2025年6月11日

R&S®RadEsT – radar multimeter

English - 2025年4月7日

In the fast-paced world of automotive manufacturing, ensuring reliability and precision in radar sensors is paramount. Rohde & Schwarz provides advanced production testing solutions for automotive radar sensors and empowers tier 1 suppliers to deliver exceptional performance, safety and efficiency.

English - 2025年3月13日

The shift from internal combustion engine (ICE) automobiles to electric vehicles (EV) has come with an array of new subsystems and components that introduce new EMC considerations. The level of complexity involved in automotive EMC testing increases with dynamic driving conditions where manufacturers not only have to refer to the framework standards offered, but must also improvise and establish new internal standards to ensure the vehicle and its internal components all function properly under all driving conditions. A number of challenges may arise when building a suitable test bench that thoroughly tests EVs and electrical components. This educational note dives into the development of dynamic EMC test systems, their inherent challenges, and how Rohde & Schwarz and AVL, one of the world’s leading mobility technology companies for development, simulation and testing in the automotive industry, have teamed up to provide a unified EMC test platform for dynamic driving conditions.

English - 2025年3月11日

Automated testing against the Chinese national GNSS test standard (GB/T 45086.1‑2024) with R&S®CMWrun sequencer software and the R&S®SMBV100B vector signal generator

English - 2025年2月20日

This paper describes the measurement of additive/residual phase noise of power amplifiers or multipliers for example for automotive RADAR sensors at 80 GHz using the interferometric measurement approach in combination with a phase noise and VCO tester R&S FSWP. The setup provides a way to characterize the additive/residual phase noise of amplifiers down to -150 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset even in the microwave range at 80 GHz.

English - 2024年9月11日

Automotive radars are essential to safety systems such as collision avoidance and adaptive cruise control. The radars are a pillar of ADAS/AD systems and an important part of sensor fusion. The effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of automotive radar sensors is the total power emitted from radar antennas and a comprehensive measure of signal strength and coverage capability (essential to assessing automotive radar sensor performance). The AREG800A automotive radar echo generator makes for easy EIRP measurements when validating automotive radar sensors.

English - 2024年8月6日

The automotive industry is undergoing a transformative shift towards electrification. Precise measurement and analysis of electric drivetrains are vital to improved performance, efficiency and reliability. MXO oscilloscopes have become an essential test tool for these measurements, with real-time insight into voltage and current waveforms that let engineers and technicians explore the intricate mechanisms to improve drivetrain performance and efficiency.

English - 2024年3月12日

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a pillar of 6G. Combining two different yet similar worlds – communications and environmental sensing – brings the future to life in the 6G era. The key ISAC drivers are beamforming with MIMO arrays, artificial intelligence (AI), modern modulation schemes and dense network infrastructure. The R&S®AREG800A automotive radar echo generator is a core element of a versatile research and development test solution in the ISAC community.

English - 2024年3月11日

World’s first fully electronically steerable antenna array.

English - 2023年6月27日

Automotive radar is vital to the advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) that will help achieve Net Zero (zero accidents, zero fatalities) targets in the automobile industry. In a driving environment, radar sensors must detect real objects even when there is interference. The R&S®AREG800A automotive radar echo generator is essential to any solution that tests radar sensor immunity to interference.

English - 2023年6月15日

The UWB (Ultra-Wideband) technology is a short range wide-band radio technology specified for device to device communication operating in unlicensed spectrum. It is an RF positioning technology that enables accurate and secure peer-to-peer ranging between mobile devices with robust resistance to interference while consuming very low energy and coexisting well with other radio communication systems. UWB is used for a variety of different applications, such as asset tracking, secure payment, personal tracker, real time location services and keyless access and start of a vehicle etc. According to ABI Research forecasts, there will be well over 1 billion UWB annual device shipments by 2026. Almost every smart phone shipped in 2026 will support UWB services.Talking about testing aspect of a UWB device, in general two test methodologies can be adopted as other wireless products, either the traditional testing mode (so-called conducted test mode) with wired RF connection between the test measurement equipment and device under test (DUT) or over the air (OTA) test mode in an OTA anechoic chamber. Sometimes, it is not always possible or necessary to perform the tests under conducted mode due to the limiting factors, e.g. cost, space, complexity and direct access to the RF connectors of the product. In this case, OTA testing is then becoming a non-evitable approach. Moreover, OTA testing reflects the usage of DUT in a real condition.In this application note, R&S® OTA test solution covering transmitter (Tx), receiver (Rx) and Time of Flight (ToF) testing in Wireless Automated Testing (WMT) environment is described. The measurement results throughout the whole document are based on NXP Trimension™ NCJ29D5 UWB automotive IC.

English - 2023年4月12日

Radar technology is essential for state-of-the art and future vehicles on the path to full autonomous driving. Radar sensors deliver critical information about the surrounding traffic environment or monitor the interior of the vehicle. As safety-relevant parts, radar sensors must adhere to specifications and regulations.

English - 2022年12月12日

At the end of the year 2020, there were over 20 Billion internet of things (IoT) products in the world operating using the licensed and unlicensed frequency bands. This growth trend is projected to keep steady over the coming years as more and more people adopt to a smarter and more connected lifestyle. This will result in a much busier and challenging RF environment than the one we have today. In order to understand the complexity of the RF spectrum, a white paper was published in 2021 from Rohde & Schwarz, which featured RF spectrum activity at multiple locations observed at different times of the day. The locations were selected based on population densities and the amount of known RF transmitters & their frequencies at those locations. It was also concluded that the ISM bands on average have higher channel utilization since most IoT devices take advantage of the unlicensed spectrum. The paper recommended, that while performing wireless coexistence testing, the test conditions should reflect the operational RF environment that the device is intended to operate in. Otherwise, the characterization of RF performance would only reflect ideal case which doesn’t exist in real world operation. Since it is not always possible to test all devices in the real world, relevant test methodologies need to be setup to replicate the real world as much as possible.This will help us get a better understanding of how the receiver of the RF device will behave under different RF conditions. It is also recommended to perform measurements in order to understand the behavior of the device in the future when the spectrum will get even more challenging. Therefore, a through characterization of the capability of the RF receiver to handle in-band and out-of-band interference signals in also of interest.In terms of regulatory compliance requirements for ensuring wireless coexistence performance, the ANSI C63.27 is currently the only published test standard that provides guidance on how to perform coexistence testing on devices. The test complexity is based up on risk imposed on the user’s health in the event of a failure caused by an or a plurality of interference signal. The standard also gives device manufacturers guidance regarding test setups, measurement environments, interference signal types and strategy, performance quality measurement parameters for physical layer using key performance indicator (KPI) and application layer parameters for end-to-end functional wireless performance (FWP).In this application note, the guidance provided by the ANSI C63.27-2021 version regarding test setup, measurement parameter and interference signal have been followed. It will give the reader a clear idea on how to configure standardized test instruments from R&S in order to generate the wanted signal as well as unintended interference signals and conduct measurement to monitor device performance in terms of PER, ping latency and data throughput.This application note provides step-by-step instruction on how to perform measurements using conducted and radiated methodology. Both manual and automated instrument configuration approach is explained in this document.The automation scripts are written using python scripting language and are available for download with this application note, free of charge. Official required to run the scripts are available on the PYPI database.

English - 2022年11月10日

Electronic systems like electronic control units (ECU) must pass several stringent qualification tests in order to be approved for automotive use. These tests include a reverse polarity test which is specified as part of ISO 16750‑2. In line with the specification, the electronic module must withstand a negative supply voltage for a specific time without suffering any damage. The R&S®NGU401 source measurement unit (SMU) is ideal to perform this task, plus it provides automated testing capability.

English - 2022年5月23日

English - 2022年4月21日

Oscilloscopes are increasingly used to analyze pulsed signals such as radar signals for aerospace and defence as well as automotive applications. The oscilloscopes’ wide analysis bandwidth and manifold trigger capabilities, make them a good fit for the increasing demand for higher bandwidths and accurate signal detection in these applications. R&S®VSE vector signal explorer software is a powerful tool for comprehensive analysis of a variety of signals, providing full support to the Rohde & Schwarz oscilloscope advanced trigger system. Adjusting the trigger settings enables pulses and pulse sequences to be isolated and run full pulse analysis using the R&S®VSE vector signal explorer software.

English - 2021年2月3日

The antenna patterns of automotive radars provide a wealth of information that is of vital importance during radar development and validation.

English - 2020年10月28日

Today’s cars are highly integrated and interconnected. Up to 150 embedded electronic control units (ECUs) in a car secure a convenient and safe driving experience. Examples of ECUs include transmission control modules, ECUs for air conditioning systems, and even self-updating 5G-ready telematics control units.

English - 2020年7月6日

This application note describes different measurement techniques and methods for an automotive lighting module based on a hybrid controller design. Of course, a lighting module in such an environment has to fulfil requirements according to the automotive standard, which is typically a relatively high-level standard compare to the industry standard. The oscilloscope is a perfect tool for this application to verify the set of requirements because time domain signals (analog and digital) are present in the whole design. Furthermore, measurements in the frequency domain have to be performed, which a modern oscilloscope can fulfil. In addition to the oscilloscope, a programmable power supply supports the measurement in several measurements. The set of requirements are the main reason why a hybrid controller from Microchip is a great choice for this design because it provides tremendous analogue and digital capabilities. The hybrid controller provides beside the analogue functions like an operational amplifier digital functions like analog-to-digital converter and interface functions like UART, CAN or LIN to interact with other systems. The programmable software part is hosted in the digital part. The digital part of the controller implements the communication interface and provides status information to the outer system controller. The light source itself has to avoid any flicker and shall be capable to dim to different lighting levels. Wide input voltage variations and efficiency have to be taken into account during the design of a converter dedicated for automotive applications. Nevertheless, the measurement considerations presented with the design are valid and applicable in other professional lighting industries as well.Thanks to Mr. Andreas Reiter and Mr. Milan Marjanovic from Microchip who provided us with hardware and software and their great expertise to create this application note.

English - 2020年6月8日

10BASE-T1S Ethernet enables the integration of diverse sensors into an automotive-Ethernet vehicle supply system, for example short-range radar sensors for detecting blind spots or ultrasonic sensors for the parking assistant. For reliable operation of the functions, data transmission over 10BASE‑T1S Ethernet must be assured at all times and in every climatic environment. Functionality must be tested during development and in production. Only 10BASE-T1S Ethernet interfaces that have passed compliance testing in line with IEEE 802.3cg can be deployed in vehicles. Consequently, vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers need measuring equipment that allows them to perform these tests quickly and reliably.

English - 2020年5月15日

Test, calibrate and verify high-performance automotive radar sensors with the R&S®ATS1500C CATR antenna test system and the R&S®AREG100A automotive radar echo generator.

English - 2020年1月13日

Integrating the R&S®SMBV100B GNSS simulator into the AVL DRIVINGCUBE™ toolchain creates new possibilities for validating advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous driving functions at the vehicle level. Combining a complete vehicle on a vehicle test bed with physical sensor stimulation results in fast, reproducible and cost-efficient testing. All possible driving scenarios can be executed under realistic and safe conditions.

English - 2020年1月9日